Origin: Derived from L-Arginine through decarboxylation.
Also Known As:
(4-aminobutyl)guanidine
Overview: Agmatine Sulfate is stored within neurons and is released during neuronal activation. It regulates the levels of Nitric Oxide when elevated within the body. Agmatine Sulfate also appears to do much of the same things as Arginine but at a greater rate of potency. It has a decidedly Nootropic effect and can help people achieve a mental edge, whether in or out of the gym or athletic training.
Common Dosage: The common dosage for agmatine ranges between 100 mg and 1000 mg depending on the intended use.
Overview Description
Agmatine, also known as (4-aminobutyl) guanidine, is a chemical found in bacteria, plants, and animals. Discovered in 1910 by Albrecht Kossel, is a chemical substance which is naturally created from the amino acid arginine.
It has shown to display modulatory action at several molecular targets, and specifically the neurotransmitter systems, ion channels, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis as well as polyamine metabolism. It has the potential to improve memory, also alleviate neuropathic pain and drug addiction and also shows potential to possibly protect against strokes.
Benefits and Uses
Agmatine is commonly used for depression, nerve pain, improving athletic performance, and many more conditions.
Beneficial in Increased Nitric oxide production, agmatine can help deliver more red blood cells, hence more oxygen to our muscular systems which can help increase energy during workouts.
May Provide Short Term Pain Relief, especially in the nervous system, as it has shown potential to help rebuild the nervous system, with its trophic factors and induce endogenous repair mechanisms.
Can help alleviate depression as studies have reflected properties in agmatine is involved with activation of GABA receptors, as well as neuroprotective properties involved with glutamine excitatory as an inhibitory modulator.
Forms and sources
Agmatine is made is found naturally in ragweed pollen, ergot fungi, octopus muscle, herring sperm, sponges, and the mammalian brain
Agmatine sulfate
There are many other forms of agmatine, most are not safe for consumption.
Side Effects and Interactions
Studies have already shown that oral agmatine sulfate given for up to … for at least 5 years without evidence of any adverse effects
How to Label
Agmaine as (agmatine sulfate)
Research & Studies (References)
Safety and Efficacy of Dietary Agmatine Sulfate in Lumbar Disc-associated Radiculopathy. An Open-label, Dose-escalating Study Followed by a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Dietary agmatine sulfate is safe and efficacious treatment for alleviating pain and improving quality of life in lumbar disc-associated radiculopathy
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20447305/
The clinical antidepressant effect of exogenous agmatine is not reversed by parachlorophenylalanine: a pilot study
The antidepressant effect of exogenous agmatine was documented in a small number of MDD subjects, and was not reversed/modified by PCPA confirming findings in animals that therapeutic response is not mediated by serotonergic mechanisms. A NAMDA (N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate) receptor antagonist, agmatine’s recognized function in brain as inhibitory modulator of excitatory glutamatergic transmission suggests a pivotal role for brain glutamate, contributing to the ripening glutamatergic basis of depression, and a rational basis for future antidepressant pharmacotherapy.
Neuroprotective Role of Agmatine in Neurological Diseases
The safety and low incidence of adverse effects indicate the vast potential therapeutic value of agmatine in the treatment of neurological diseases.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28786346/
Neuroprotective offerings by agmatine
The cumulative evidences of preclinical studies support the possible use of agmatine as an agent for neuronal damage and neurodegenerative diseases.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31063707/
Agmatine as a potential therapeutic intervention in bipolar depression: the preclinical landscape
efficacy of agmatine in several models of depressive-like behaviour, and suggests that it may prove to be an efficacious adjunctive treatment in bipolar depression. Furthermore, it discusses a proposed pathway linking systemic inflammation, observed in a subset of bipolar disorder patients, to abnormal polyamine metabolism and associated changes in the epithelial gut barrier and blood-brain barrier.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30764678/
Agmatine Protects Against the Progression of Sepsis Through the Imidazoline I2 Receptor-Ribosomal S6 Kinase 2-Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway
Endogenous agmatine metabolism correlated with the progression of sepsis. Supplemental exogenous agmatine could ameliorate the lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammatory responses and multiple organ injuries through the imidazoline I2 receptor-ribosomal S6 kinase 2-nuclear factor-κB pathway. Agmatine could be used as both a clinical biomarker and a promising pharmaconutrient in patients with severe sepsis.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31634234/
Agmatine, a potential novel therapeutic strategy for depression
The potential beneficial effects of agmatine for the treatment of other neurological disorders are presented. In particular, we provide evidence to encourage future clinical studies investigating agmatine as a novel antidepressant drug.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27836390/
Agmatine : metabolic pathway and spectrum of activity in brain
In an animal model of acute stress disorder, intraperitoneal agmatine injections diminish contextual fear learning. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injections of agmatine reduce alcohol and opioid dependence by diminishing behaviour in a rat conditioned place preference paradigm. Based on these findings, agmatine appears to be an endogenous neuromodulator of mental stress. The possible roles and/or beneficial effects of agmatine in stress-related disorders, such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, merit further investigation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17927294/
Therapeutic potential of agmatine for CNS disorders
Agmatine also stimulates the expression of trophic factors and adult neurogenesis, contributing to its ability to induce endogenous repair mechanisms. Therefore, considering its wide range of biological effects, this review summarizes the current knowledge about its protective and regenerative properties in the CNS.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28522414/
Agmatine: at the crossroads of the arginine pathways
We propose that the catabolism of agmatine to its aldehyde metabolite may act as a gating mechanism at the transition from the iNOS/NO axis to the arginase/ODC/polyamine axis. Thus, agmatine has the potential to serve in the coordination of the early and repair phase pathways of arginine in inflammation.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15028568/
The involvement of GABAergic system in the antidepressant-like effect of agmatine
Results suggest that the effect of agmatine in the TST may involve an activation of GABAA receptors dependent on NMDA receptor inhibition, similar to ketamine, as well as modulation of GABAB receptors.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32447465/
Agmatine ameliorates manifestation of depression-like behavior and hippocampal neuroinflammation in mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
the present study suggests the importance of endogenous agmatinergic system and imidazoline receptors system in β-amyloid induced a depressive-like behavior in mice. The data projects agmatine as a potential therapeutic target for the AD-associated depression and comorbidities.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32344125/
